Pre-1900 Poetry

Christina Rossetti: Selected Poems

The Victorian poet of renunciation and longing. Verse of remarkable technical precision, emotional intensity, and spiritual depth — navigating the tensions between earthly desire and religious devotion.

Christina Rossetti (1830–1894)

30 Prescribed Poems · Open-Book Examination

Period

Victorian (1830–1894)

Movement

Pre-Raphaelite / Anglo-Catholic

Forms

Sonnets, ballads, hymns, lyric

Key Themes

Love, death, faith, gender, nature

Biographical & Historical Context

Understanding Rossetti's life, faith, and cultural moment is essential for AO3.

Life & Faith

Born into the Anglo-Italian Rossetti family. Brother Dante Gabriel co-founded the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. Christina's devout Anglo-Catholicism shaped every aspect of her life and art.

Twice refused marriage on religious grounds. Volunteered at St. Mary Magdalene Penitentiary for "fallen women" — profoundly influencing poems like Goblin Market.

Victorian Context

The "Woman Question": intense debate about women's roles, rights, education, and sexuality. The "Angel in the House" ideal dominates, but feminists challenge it.

Victorian crisis of faith (Darwin, biblical criticism) shakes religious certainty. Rossetti's faith remains firm but her poetry acknowledges doubt and suffering.

Literary Context

Inherits Romanticism's focus on emotion and nature but complicates transcendence — her speakers often fail to transcend, remaining trapped in earthly suffering.

Part of the women's poetry tradition alongside Elizabeth Barrett Browning. Less overtly feminist but subtly interrogates gender constraints through form and voice.

Major Themes

Six interconnected themes run through the 30 prescribed poems. Understanding their connections is crucial for Part (ii) essay responses.

Exam Technique

Component 1, Section A: Christina Rossetti — Selected Poems

One compulsory two-part question on your chosen pre-1900 poet (Rossetti). This is an open-book exam: you may bring clean copies of Rossetti's Selected Poems with no annotation.

60 marks total

30 per part

~1 hour

Half of 2-hour exam

Open-book

Clean copies only

2 parts

Close analysis + essay

Assessment Objective Weighting

AO2 is weighted highest — focus on close analysis of HOW Rossetti creates meaning through language, form, and structure.

AO1 (7.5%)

Articulate informed, personal responses; use terminology accurately; coherent expression

AO2 (10%)

Analyse how meanings are shaped (language, form, structure)

AO3 (5%)

Demonstrate understanding of contexts (Victorian, biographical, literary)

AO4 (2.5%)

Explore connections across poems

AO5 (5%)

Explore different interpretations

Time Management

Part (i): 25–30 minutes

  • Read poem carefully: 3–5 min
  • Plan: 3–5 min
  • Write: 20–25 min

Part (ii): 30–35 minutes

  • Plan: 5–7 min
  • Write: 25–30 min
  • Check work: 2–3 min (if possible)

Component 1, Section A

Pre-1900 Poetry

30 marks

Total

60 minutes

Writing time

Open-book

Clean copies provided

2 parts

Close analysis + essay